1611,1360.4779
1612,1360.8556
1613,1361.0532
1614,1361.037
1615,1360.9517
1616,1360.3635
1617,1360.2819
1618,1360.2584
1619,1360.3411
1620,1360.3467
1621,1360.3195
1622,1360.2747
1623,1360.1959
1624,1360.163
1625,1360.3555
1626,1360.2997
1627,1360.2058
1628,1360.2615
1629,1360.2388
1630,1360.153
1631,1360.1757
1632,1360.162
1633,1360.3112
1634,1360.2178
1635,1360.2177
1636,1360.2839
1637,1360.4926
1638,1360.6209
1639,1360.739
1640,1360.3695
1641,1360.6596
1642,1360.6307
1643,1360.2885
1644,1360.2429
1645,1360.1477
1646,1360.129
1647,1360.1029
1648,1360.0696
1649,1360.0575
1650,1360.0018
1651,1359.9934
1652,1360.0359
1653,1359.9921
1654,1359.9911
1655,1359.9899
1656,1359.99
1657,1359.9861
1658,1359.9873
1659,1359.9861
1660,1360
1661,1359.9907
1662,1359.985
1663,1359.985
1664,1359.985
1665,1359.9846
1666,1359.9848
1667,1359.9848
1668,1359.9861
1669,1359.9856
1670,1359.9852
1671,1359.9915
1672,1359.9882
1673,1359.9856
1674,1359.9868
1675,1359.9856
1676,1359.9965
1677,1359.9909
1678,1359.9882
1679,1359.9865
1680,1359.9917
1681,1359.9865
1682,1359.9862
1683,1359.9861
1684,1359.9961
1685,1359.9856
1686,1359.9888
1687,1359.9851
1688,1359.9883
1689,1359.9857
1690,1359.9844
1691,1359.9844
1692,1359.9845
1693,1359.9848
1694,1359.9849
1695,1359.9856
1696,1359.9857
1697,1359.9895
1698,1359.9905
1699,1359.9927
1700,1359.9956
1701,1359.9994
1702,1359.9972
1703,1360.0132
1704,1360.0254
1705,1360.0331
1706,1360.0138
1707,1360.0348
1708,1360.0232
1709,1360.0136
1710,1360.0133
1711,1360.0121
1712,1360.0326
1713,1360.0421
1714,1360.0483
1715,1360.0671
1716,1360.1115
1717,1360.1635
1718,1360.1301
1719,1360.3092
1720,1360.2763
1721,1360.2722
1722,1360.2122
1723,1360.1808
1724,1360.2439
1725,1360.2247
1726,1360.3654
1727,1360.4159
1728,1360.5885
1729,1360.3357
1730,1360.5459
1731,1360.1755
1732,1360.1831
1733,1360.2006
1734,1360.2092
1735,1360.2897
1736,1360.4911
1737,1360.3153
1738,1360.2562
1739,1360.4933
1740,1360.1989
1741,1360.554
1742,1360.2876
1743,1360.2457
1744,1360.1961
1745,1360.187
1746,1360.2252
1747,1360.395
1748,1360.5442
1749,1360.5844
1750,1360.5889
1751,1360.4071
1752,1360.3932
1753,1360.3934
1754,1360.2843
1755,1360.2727
1756,1360.2911
1757,1360.3871
1758,1360.4519
1759,1360.5845
1760,1360.5129
1761,1360.7356
1762,1360.5643
1763,1360.5309
1764,1360.5381
1765,1360.4223
1766,1360.345
1767,1360.523
1768,1360.7826
1769,1360.986
1770,1360.9756
1771,1360.8484
1772,1360.8052
1773,1360.585
1774,1360.5418
1775,1360.3917
1776,1360.426
1777,1360.5648
1778,1360.8092
1779,1360.8385
1780,1360.7124
1781,1360.7888
1782,1360.5818
1783,1360.4694
1784,1360.3475
1785,1360.4677
1786,1360.7472
1787,1360.8916
1788,1360.9198
1789,1360.802
1790,1360.6947
1791,1360.5377
1792,1360.5387
1793,1360.5896
1794,1360.4552
1795,1360.3849
1796,1360.3164
1797,1360.2361
1798,1360.2083
1799,1360.1867
1800,1360.1871
1801,1360.4584
1802,1360.3524
1803,1360.224
1804,1360.2323
1805,1360.2402
1806,1360.1835
1807,1360.1134
1808,1360.1089
1809,1360.1087
1810,1360.0851
1811,1360.0801
1812,1360.0951
1813,1360.1295
1814,1360.1316
1815,1360.1714
1816,1360.2644
1817,1360.2534
1818,1360.217
1819,1360.2229
1820,1360.1893
1821,1360.1686
1822,1360.1738
1823,1360.1671
1824,1360.2127
1825,1360.2511
1826,1360.3327
1827,1360.4797
1828,1360.5885
1829,1360.6406
1830,1360.7062
1831,1360.5924
1832,1360.4675
1833,1360.3723
1834,1360.3771
1835,1360.6117
1836,1360.9602
1837,1361.0711
1838,1360.8628
1839,1360.7378
1840,1360.6388
1841,1360.517
1842,1360.4783
1843,1360.4221
1844,1360.4446
1845,1360.537
1846,1360.6045
1847,1360.6592
1848,1360.8292
1849,1360.844
1850,1360.6449
1851,1360.6522
1852,1360.6574
1853,1360.5786
1854,1360.4507
1855,1360.3643
1856,1360.3378
1857,1360.4
1858,1360.5636
1859,1360.7586
1860,1360.8254
1861,1360.7344
1862,1360.6349
1863,1360.5697
1864,1360.5706
1865,1360.4998
1866,1360.4491
1867,1360.3668
1868,1360.492
1869,1360.6987
1870,1360.917
1871,1360.8546
1872,1360.7874
1873,1360.6074
1874,1360.4893
1875,1360.3659
1876,1360.3428
1877,1360.3455
1878,1360.2897
1879,1360.2638
1880,1360.3659
1881,1360.4804
1882,1360.2305
1883,1360.3378
1884,1360.5105
1885,1360.4152
1886,1360.297
1887,1360.2634
1888,1360.2261
1889,1360.2164
1890,1360.2441
1891,1360.4537
1892,1360.4946
1893,1360.6316
1894,1360.7658
1895,1360.6537
1896,1360.4934
1897,1360.3616
1898,1360.344
1899,1360.3035
1900,1360.2848
1901,1360.2267
1902,1360.2506
1903,1360.412
1904,1360.6679
1905,1360.4159
1906,1360.6574
1907,1360.5079
1908,1360.6088
1909,1360.4824
1910,1360.3992
1911,1360.3209
1912,1360.2758
1913,1360.2795
1914,1360.3699
1915,1360.6268
1916,1360.8546
1917,1360.9566
1918,1360.9546
1919,1360.6969
1920,1360.5521
1921,1360.4685
1922,1360.3866
1923,1360.4048
1924,1360.4487
1925,1360.6056
1926,1360.6801
1927,1360.8858
1928,1360.7222
1929,1360.6827
1930,1360.7273
1931,1360.625
1932,1360.5225
1933,1360.4541
1934,1360.5222
1935,1360.71
1936,1361.0822
1937,1360.9568
1938,1360.8861
1939,1360.892
1940,1360.8565
1941,1360.8112
1942,1360.7164
1943,1360.5663
1944,1360.6337
1945,1360.8706
1946,1360.874
1947,1361.0846
1948,1361.2719
1949,1361.1525
1950,1360.9607
1951,1360.6981
1952,1360.7517
1953,1360.6513
1954,1360.6702
1955,1360.7988
1956,1361.1544
1957,1361.5984
1958,1361.5136
1959,1361.2293
1960,1361.2263
1961,1360.9035
1962,1360.7225
1963,1360.6744
1964,1360.6957
1965,1360.7356
1966,1360.915
1967,1361.0405
1968,1361.1119
1969,1361.1935
1970,1361.1758
1971,1360.9061
1972,1360.9751
1973,1360.7877
1974,1360.7015
1975,1360.6697
1976,1360.6499
1977,1360.8635
1978,1361.1893
1979,1361.5747
1980,1361.6129
1981,1361.6565
1982,1361.2042
1983,1361.1869
1984,1360.7636
1985,1360.6062
1986,1360.6149
1987,1360.756
1988,1361.0927
1989,1361.6165
1990,1361.5253
1991,1361.491
1992,1361.2814
1993,1360.9159
1994,1360.7151
1995,1360.7048
1996,1360.6494
1997,1360.7804
1998,1361.1491
1999,1361.4531
2000,1361.6334
2001,1361.5418
2002,1361.6063
2003,1361.1014
2003,1361.02
2004,1360.9186
2005,1360.7522
2006,1360.6731
2007,1360.5711
2008,1360.538
2009,1360.5567
2010,1360.8024
2011,1361.0743
2012,1361.241
2013,1361.3588
2014,1361.3959
2015,1361.4291
2016,1361.0082
2017,1360.7502
Total incoming sunlight each year based on sunspot observations since 1610. The Sun's brightness does change over time, but none of the observed changes are large enough to account for global warming. Data from NOAA NCEI.
Images of the Sun in filtered visible light on February 28, 2014 (left), near solar maximum, and on February 18, 2020 (right), near solar minimum. Overall, faculae generally outshine dimming caused by sunspots. Images from NASA SDO.
Reconstruction of total solar irradiance based on sunspot observations since the 1600s. During strong solar cycles, the Sun's total average brightness varies by up to 1 Watt per square meter. Changes in the Sun's overall brightness since the pre-industrial period have been minimal, making a very small contribution to global-scale warming. NOAA Climate.gov image, based on the Climate Data Record by Coddington, et al., 2016.
Intensitygrams—images of the Sun in filtered visible light—based on data from NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory telescope on February 28, 2014, (left), near the maximum of the last solar cycle, and on February 18, 2020 (right), near the solar minimum. Dark patches called sunspots are easier to see than their companion faculae, diffuse bright areas that contribute to making the Sun slightly brighter during solar maximum. Images from NASA SDO.